ACUS01 KWNS 301306
SWODY1
SPC AC 301304

Day 1 Convective Outlook
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
0804 AM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024

Valid 301300Z - 311200Z

...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS THE
MIDDLE MISSOURI VALLEY/MIDWEST...

...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS THE
NORTHERN/CENTRAL PLAINS TO THE SOUTHEAST...

...SUMMARY...
Severe storms are expected today into tonight across a broad area
from eastern Nebraska and Iowa into parts of the Midwest, Tennessee
Valley and southern Appalachians, with swaths of damaging winds
possible within this corridor. Severe storms are also possible
across parts of the northern Plains.

...Central Plains/Upper Midwest to OH/TN Valleys...
Very challenging meteorological scenario with highly variable
guidance as far as MCS development/disposition today. However, a
rather favorable set of ingredients will generally coincide,
spanning east/northeast Nebraska into Iowa, northern Missouri and
western Illinois, and to some extent even farther southeastward into
the Tennessee Valley. Very strong buoyancy will exist within this MCS/outflow-reinforced corridor, with a strong elevated mixed layer
-- yet not overly warm aloft for the season -- atop a moist boundary
layer. Seasonally strong west-northwesterly winds aloft will also
reside in this general corridor, with potential for multiple east/southeastward-moving MCSs today and tonight. Swath of damaging
wind gusts (potentially in excess of 75 mph) are plausible.

With a remnant thunderstorm cluster across Illinois, some
re-intensification of this convection may occur across the lower
Ohio Valley toward the Tennessee Valley, with a modestly strong
northwesterly flow regime and ample downstream instability. Isolated
to scattered damaging wind should be the primary threat.

Meanwhile, multiple thunderstorm clusters across Siouxland this
morning from southeast South Dakota into northwest/western Iowa may
continue to pose a severe risk, with some potential that these
storms could merge/organize later today along the instability
gradient. There is also potential that additional storm development
may occur by late afternoon/early evening across northern
Nebraska/far southern South Dakota near a surface low/troughs, with
these storms potentially increasing and evolving into an MCS
tonight, aided by a nocturnally strengthening low-level jet.

...Northern Plains...
Weak height falls amid moderate to strong instability may lead to
widely scattered thunderstorm development along a surface
trough/dryline across the Dakotas this afternoon. Moderate
westerlies should support moderate deep-layer vertical shear around
30-35 kt, sufficient for a few organized storms capable of both
large hail and damaging gusts.

...Northern New York to northern New England...
Moderate buoyancy may develop this afternoon from northern New York
into northern New England. While storm coverage remains somewhat
uncertain, deep-layer shear and relatively cool temperatures aloft
could support a couple modestly organized storms capable of locally
damaging wind, and possibly some hail.

...Mid-Atlantic vicinity...
A mid/upper-level trough and possibly an MCV will move across the
Mid Atlantic vicinity later today. Scattered thunderstorm
development is expected by afternoon from northern Virginia into
parts of Pennsylvania. While there is some uncertainty regarding the
extent of heating and destabilization, a couple stronger
cells/clusters may become capable of producing isolated damaging
winds.

..Guyer/Grams.. 07/30/2024

$$
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ACUS01 KWNS 311301
SWODY1
SPC AC 311259

Day 1 Convective Outlook
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
0759 AM CDT Wed Jul 31 2024

Valid 311300Z - 011200Z

...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS THE
MIDDLE MISSOURI VALLEY AND UPPER MIDWEST...

...SUMMARY...
Another active severe-weather day is expected from the
northern/central Plains and Upper Midwest to the southern
Appalachians. This includes potential for large hail across parts of
the northern/central Plains, aside from a more prevalent risk of
damaging winds, some of which could be significantly strong.

...Great Plains/Mid-Missouri and Mid-Mississippi Valleys...
A relatively prominent summertime mid-level trough is readily
apparent across the northern High Plains early this morning, and
will reach the Upper Midwest tonight. Ahead of this trough,
scattered occasionally strong/locally severe convection has occurred
overnight across northern South Dakota into southern/eastern North
Dakota. This convection should further increase into midday/early
afternoon, with a more appreciable severe risk evolving across north-central/eastern South Dakota, and eventually into southwest
Minnesota by mid/late afternoon. Some initial supercells capable of
very large hail will be possible, but storm mergers within a very
unstable environment by mid/late afternoon should lead to MCS
development and heightened wind potential.

Additional potentially intense storm development is expected
southwestward near the cold front into Nebraska and Kansas, with
large hail and severe-wind gusts expected. One or more organized
clusters should regionally evolve by early/mid-evening across the
Siouxland and far eastern Nebraska into much of Iowa. Potentially
significant wind gusts in excess of 75 mph are plausible given the
steep lapse rate environment and reservoir of strong to extreme
buoyancy. Severe-MCS persistence seems viable tonight across much of Iowa/southern Minnesota, possibly northern Missouri, and Illinois.

...Central Plains/southern High Plains...
Isolated to scattered thunderstorms are expected to develop along
and ahead of the front. Deep-layer shear will be strong enough for
an isolated severe threat. Large to very large hail will be possible
with supercells in parts of central Kansas. However, the environment
will be less favorable further southwest with more of an
isolated/marginal overall severe threat expected across southwest
Kansas into northwest Oklahoma and the Texas Panhandle.

...Lower Ohio Valley/Cumberland Plateau/Southern Appalachians...
Similar to yesterday, a seasonally strong belt of northwesterly flow
aloft will persist today from the lower Ohio Valley to the southern Appalachians and coastal Southeast. Much of this will reside atop a
moist and very unstable air mass, especially across parts of the
lower Ohio Valley to Cumberland Plateau, where upwards of 3000-4000
J/kg MLCAPE may develop by peak heating outside of any MCS-related
impacts. This general scenario will likely support several organized severe-producing storms clusters/MCSs through the evening across
these regions. Somewhat higher severe probabilities (Enhanced
category) may be warranted in subsequent outlooks for parts of these
region.

For one, an MCS ongoing across central Illinois this morning may
potentially persist southeastward within this increasingly unstable environment, possibly impacting areas such as southern Indiana,
southern Ohio and parts of Kentucky/Tennessee with a heightened wind
damage potential. Aided by differential heating, scattered storms
should also increase across the southern Appalachians vicinity this
afternoon, with some organization into clusters possible given the aforementioned relative strength of winds aloft, with wind damage
possible.

...Southern Arizona...
An upper low near Baja and ongoing early day storms across parts of
northwest Mexico may influence thunderstorm development this
afternoon within a moist air mass particularly across southeast
Arizona. Some of the storms could produce severe-caliber wind gusts
and blowing dust this afternoon into early evening.

..Guyer/Grams.. 07/31/2024

$$
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ACUS01 KWNS 261300
SWODY1
SPC AC 261258

Day 1 Convective Outlook
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
0758 AM CDT Mon Aug 26 2024

Valid 261300Z - 271200Z

...THERE IS AN ENHANCED RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF
SOUTH DAKOTA...EXTREME NORTHERN NEBRASKA...MINNESOTA...AND WISCONSIN...

...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS SURROUNDING THE
ENHANCED RISK...AND ACROSS PORTIONS OF NEW ENGLAND...

...SUMMARY...
Severe thunderstorm gusts, large to very large hail and a few
tornadoes are possible today and tonight across parts of South
Dakota, extreme northern Nebraska, Minnesota, and Wisconsin.

...Synopsis...
In mid/upper levels, a persistent and large anticyclone has shifted
its center across the southern Plains to the lower Missouri Valley,
with ridging northeastward across the Lake Superior and James Bay
regions. The ridge will shift eastward across the Upper Great Lakes
and southern QC through the period. This will occur in response to
these developments on either side:

1. A broad but not very intense cyclone -- initially centered near
the western ME/QC border -- will pivot roughly eastward to the
adjoining parts and the Canadian Maritimes through the period. As
this occurs, a shortwave trough/vorticity lobe -- now in the western
semicircle of the cyclone over the St. Lawrence Valley -- should dig
southward across eastern NY and extreme western New England today,
then weaken and move offshore from the southern New England Coast
tonight.

2. A strong shortwave trough -- initially over western MT,
southeastern ID and northern UT -- should move to eastern MT and
central WY by 00Z, then to the western Dakotas within 12 more hours.
This will foster the northeastward ejection of two weak
perturbations, now apparent in moisture-channel imagery over the
western NE Panhandle/southeastern WY region into southwestern SD,
the other over central/eastern CO. By 00Z, these features should
reach eastern ND and eastern/southern SD, respectively.

At the surface, 11Z analysis showed a low near FSD, with cold front
arching southwestward across the NE Sandhills then northwestward to
another low over east-central WY near CPR. A quasistationary
frontal zone was drawn from the low northeastward over western/
northern MN. The low should move slowly eastward today while the
poleward frontal extension moves little, and the cold front moves
southeastward into northwestern IA and eastern/central NE. The
western segment of that front should hang up over northwestern NE
and east-central WY amid mass response to the approaching shortwave
trough, which also should induce a surface trough and perhaps secondary/reinforcing baroclinic zone across the lee of the
north-central Rockies over eastern WY and into southeastern MT.

...North-central Plains to Upper Midwest...
Two main rounds of severe-thunderstorm potential are apparent today,
each crossing portions of the main risk area, which represents an
aggregated severe potential from both complexes. From east to west:

1. Strong-severe thunderstorms should develop over eastern SD near
or north/northwest of the surface low this afternoon -- perhaps
arising as early and far west as central SD during midday. This
activity will be related to maximized low-level lift associated with
the low, and a plume of large-scale ascent preceding the weaker
shortwave troughs, and already supporting convection at this time
over western SD. Whether the ongoing convection will be continuous
with later activity is uncertain. In either event, this eastern
complex should intensify substantially over the southeastern
SD/southwestern MN/northwestern IA vicinity as it crosses the
low-level baroclinic zone and encounters a strongly unstable, richly
moist boundary layer, with upper 60s to mid 70s surface dewpoints.
Beneath steep lower-middle-level lapse rates, this should contribute
to a corridor of 3500-5000 J/kg MLCAPE near I-90 from the FSD area
to near the Mississippi River, decreasing to a still-favorable
2000-4000 J/kg in central MN. Supercells with destructive hail,
potentially significant-severe gusts, and a few tornadoes are
possible, though so is fairly quick upscale expansion.

2. An area of convection may develop as early as late morning to
midday well behind the surface cold front, in higher terrain of northern/central WY, initially with a marginal severe threat. This
convection should be supported by at least modest low/middle-level
moisture, and strong cooling/destabilization aloft, related to the
swath of strong large-scale DCVA/ascent immediately preceding the
northern Rockies shortwave trough. This activity may be an
outgrowth or extension of nonsevere thunderstorms now over extreme
western WY near the Star and Hams Fork Valleys and adjacent ranges.
These thunderstorms should organize into an MCS and expand/intensify
as activity proceeds into greater moisture, instability and storm-relative/post-frontal low-level flow to the east, on the High
Plains and near the Black Hills.

Northeasterly to easterly flow behind the front and near the trough,
beneath strengthening southwest flow aloft, will support 45-60 kt effective-shear magnitudes. Buoyancy will increase eastward as the
convection -- which may already have evolve into an outflow-dominant
arc by the time it gets into greater moisture east of the Black
Hills -- further intensifies into the northern part of a corridor of
1500-2000 J/kg MLCAPE and still-favorable storm-relative boundary-
layer flow. Some of this convection may be supercellular to the
extent it can remain at least somewhat discrete, with severe wind
and large to very large hail possible. With time, wind will dominate
as the main threat. This activity should encounter the outflow from
the other complex somewhere over southeastern SD or southern MN
tonight.

Mesoscale uncertainty over the positioning and strength of the
outflow (and thus threat of severe to its poleward side) preclude
greater unconditional probabilities at this time. Still, a focused
corridor of destructive winds remains a possibility across southern
parts of SD/MN, some of it potentially affecting areas struck by the
first complex.

...Northeastern CONUS...
Widely scattered to scattered thunderstorms should develop over
portions of eastern NY and New England, as well as parts of
western/central PA and northwestern MD -- each moving southward to southeastward through a favorable airmass for organized convection.
Strong to locally severe gusts are possible, along with severe hail.

Over the New England part of the outlook, cold air aloft, overlying
low-level moisture represented by mid/upper 50s F surface dewpoints,
should combine with limited diurnal heating to remove MLCINH, and
support peak/preconvective MLCAPE ion the 1000-1500 J/kg range.
Though low-level flow will be modest, relatively straight/lengthy
hodographs will support some hail potential. Further southwest,
greater low-level moisture (dewpoints mostly mid/upper 60s to near
70 F at lower elevations) but weaker mid/upper-level lapse rates
will be present, yielding similar CAPE values but with different
vertical distribution of buoyancy (more skewed to low levels).
Still, enough deep/speed shear will be present to support organized
multicells and at least transient/isolated supercells.

..Edwards/Bentley.. 08/26/2024

$$
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